阿麥斯說中國市場很重要，然而中國光刻機，是出膛的子彈不可停止
洪荒星辰道 小说
阿麥斯（ASML）說中國是最大的芯片市場，至關重要，主要目的肯定不是表揚中國市場的龐大。它主要的目的還是爲了延緩中國光刻機的發展。一方面釋放向中國出口低端光刻機的意願，打擊中國企業在光刻機方面的投入積極性；另一方面遊說美國，放開其低端光刻機的對華出口。
阿麥斯已經看到中國在光刻機研發方面的投資規模和進步，這一點讓它感到失去市場的恐懼。在中國已經有多家上市公司投資研發光刻機，光刻機涉及到的技術，一個一個被攻破，這讓阿麥斯感受到了壓力。
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中國光刻機首先會突破低端光刻機技術，低端光刻機一旦實現國產化，就意味着光刻機研發可以實現自給自足甚至是盈利，爲進一步發展提供可能性。阿麥斯希望用低端光刻機的對華出口，遏制中國低端光刻機的突破。即便中國光刻機生產出來了，通過用低價策略，讓國產低端光刻機無利可圖，也可以遏制中國光刻機產業由低端向高端發展。
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在高端設備製造領域，西方有諸多前車之鑑，比如盾構機之類。一旦中國光刻機研製成功，實現自給自足，全球光刻機市場的價格很可能被中國打下來，這將危及整個歐美光刻機產業鏈的生存，屆時不僅歐美可能失去光刻機制造能力，中國還可能成爲光刻機全產業壟斷國家。
西方對中國芯片發展的打壓讓中國感受到了安全威脅：比如將中國大學列入實體清單，遏制中國大學生的深造和迴流。禁止中國使用芯片產業軟件、禁止中國進口高端光刻機、禁止使用美國技術的企業給華爲生產芯片，等等。都對中國經濟安全產生威脅，這讓中國下定了研發光刻機的決心。
中國已經投入大量人才和資金研發光刻機，而且取得了一定的進展。在中國芯片企業加速發展的背景下，光刻機是製造芯片所必需的關鍵設備之一，也是當前全球芯片產業中最爲核心、最具前沿的技術領域之一。在這種背景下，中國的企業絕對不可能半途而廢，讓投入的資金打水漂。所以，中國研發出自主知識產權的光刻機，只是時間問題。
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西方對中國採取芯片遏制，本身就是違反貿易規則的。一旦中國成功生產出自己的光刻機，對自己的光刻機產業鏈實行保護和補貼，就是以其人之道還治其人之身的做法。最終，西方只會搬起石頭砸自己的腳。
類似於當年國產大飛機項目走過的彎路，中國在光刻機技術研發方面應當下定決心，堅定不移地推進該項目。並且，我們也已經取得了一定的進展。中國人深知芯片產業的戰略地位，也十分清楚自主可控的光刻機技術對於芯片產業的重要性，因此會持續、有序地向此領域注入更多的資源與支持。
雖然在技術領域的創新和突破是一個複雜、漫長的過程，需要超越技術的壁壘和產業鏈的限制，但中國艱苦卓絕的努力和獨特的發展模式使得其成爲了世界上最爲成功的新興國家之一，併成功實現了很多自主創新和技術突破。在光刻機領域，中國的一些企業已經開始研發自主品牌的光刻機，我們可以期待在未來相當長一段時間裡都將能看到中國堅定的技術追求和創新態度。
ASML stated that China is the largest chip market and therefore crucial, but its main purpose is not to praise the size of the Chinese market. Its primary goal is to slow down the development of Chinese photolithography machines. On the one hand, it signals the willingness to export lower-end photolithography machines to China to discourage Chinese companies from investing in this field. On the other hand, it is lobbying the US government to lift restrictions on exporting low-end photolithography machines to China.
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ASML has already witnessed the scale and progress of China’s investment in photolithography machine research and development, which makes it fearful of losing its market share. Multiple Chinese-listed companies have invested in the research and development of photolithography machines. Moreover, the technologies involved in photolithography are being gradually conquered one by one, which has put pressure on ASML.
The first breakthrough for Chinese photolithography machines is likely to happen in low-end technology. When low-end photolithography machines are localized, this will signify that photolithography machine research and development can be self-sufficient and even profitable, paving the way for further development. ASML hopes to restrain the breakthrough of low-end photolithography machines in China with exports of its own low-end photolithography machines to China. Even if Chinese photolithography machines are produced, making domestically produced low-end photolithography machines unprofitable through pricing strategy can still prevent the development of China’s photolithography machine industry from moving towards the high end.
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In the field of manufacturing high-end equipment, there are many lessons learned from the West, such as shield tunneling machines. Once Chinese photolithography machines are successfully developed and reach self-sufficiency, the prices of photolithography machines worldwide may experience a significant decline, endangering the survival of the entire European and American photolithography machine industry chain. At that time, not only could Europe and the United States lose their photolithography machine manufacturing capabilities, but China could also become a monopoly country in the entire photolithography machine industry.
The West’s suppression of China’s chip development has made China feel a sense of security threat, for example, adding Chinese universities to the entity list to prevent Chinese students from studying abroad and returning to China. Prohibiting Chinese companies from using chip industry software, banning imports of high-end lithography machines, prohibiting US technology-using companies from producing chips for Huawei, etc., all pose a threat to China’s economic security, which has led China to make a firm decision to develop lithography machines.
China has already invested a large amount of talent and capital in the research and development of lithography machines and has made some progress. Against the backdrop of accelerating development of China’s chip industry, lithography machines are one of the key equipment required for manufacturing chips and is one of the most core and cutting-edge technology areas in the current global chip industry. In this context, Chinese companies cannot possibly abandon their investments and let their funds go to waste. Therefore, it is only a matter of time before China develops a lithography machine with independent intellectual property rights.
The West’s attempt to suppress China’s chip industry itself violates trade rules. Once China successfully produces its own lithography machines, protecting and subsidizing its domestic lithography machine industry chain will be an effective countermeasure. Ultimately, the West would only be shooting themselves in the foot.
赤焰神歌 小說
Similar to the setbacks experienced by the domestic aircraft project several years ago, China should make a firm determination and steadfastly promote the project in lithography technology development. Moreover, we have made certain progress. Chinese people deeply understand the strategic position of the chip industry and are also very aware of the importance of self-controlled lithography technology for the chip industry. Therefore, resources and support will continue to be injected into this field in an orderly manner.
Although innovation and breakthroughs in the technical field are complex and lengthy processes that require transcending technological barriers and industrial chain restrictions, China’s tremendous efforts and unique development model have made it one of the most successful emerging countries in the world, successfully achieving many independent innovations and technological breakthroughs. In the field of lithography machines, some Chinese companies have already begun to develop their own branded lithography machines. We can expect to witness China’s firm pursuit of technology and innovative attitude for a considerable period of time in the future.
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